Vegan Society Briefing

Milk and Breast Cancer (7 of 7)

Stephen Walsh, November 2001.

Acknowledgements

This briefing paper was greatly improved by comments from members of the International Vegetarian Union Science Group (IVU-SCI).

Contacts

The Vegan Society
7 Battle Road
St Leonards-on-Sea
East Sussex
TN37 7AA

0845 4588244

info@vegansociety.com
www.vegansociety.com

Stephen Walsh
11 Borderside
Slough
SL2 5QT

07967 361510

stephenwalsh@vegans.fsnet.co.uk

References

[1] Meera Jain, Nutrition Research 1998; 18: 905-307, Dairy foods, dairy fats and cancer: a review of the epidemiological evidence.

[2] Boyd et al. British Journal of Cancer 1993; 68: 627-636, A meta-analysis of studies of dietary fat and breast cancer risk.

[3] Ursin et al. British Journal of Cancer 1990; 61: 454-459, Milk consumption and cancer incidence: a Norwegian prospective study.

[4] Toniolo et al. Epidemiology 1994; 5: 391-397, Consumption of Meat, Animal Products, Protein and Fat and Risk of Breast Cancer: A Prospective Cohort Study in New York.

[5] Gaard et al. International Journal of Cancer 1995; 63: 13-17, Dietary fat and the risk of breast cancer: a prospective study of 25,892 Norwegian women.

[6] Knekt et al. British Journal of Cancer 1996; 73: 687-691, Intake of dairy products and the risk of breast cancer.

[7] Hjartaker et al. International Journal of Cancer 2001; 93: 888-893, Childhood and adult milk consumption and risk of premenopausal breast cancer in a cohort of 48,844 women - the Norwegian women and cancer study.

[8] Aro et al. Nutrition and Cancer 2000; 38: 151-157, Inverse association between dietary and serum conjugated linoleic acid and risk of breast cancer in postmenopausal women.

[9] John et al. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention 1999; 8: 399-406, Vitamin D and Breast Cancer Risk: The NHANES I Epidemiologic Follow-up study.

[10] Lipkin et al. Journal of the American College of Nutrition 1999; 18: 392S-397S, Vitamin D, Calcium and Prevention of Breast Cancer: A Review.

[11] Heaney et al. Journal of the American Dietetic Association 1999; 99: 1228-1233, Dietary changes favorably affect bone remodeling in older adults.

[12] Devine et al. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 1998; 68: 200-206, Effect of zinc and other nutritional factors on insulin-like growth factor I and insulin-like growth factor binding proteins in postmenopausal women.

[13] Ma et al. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 2001; 93: 1330-1336, Milk Intake, Circulating Levels of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I and Risk of Colorectal Cancer in Men.

[14] Walter Willett, American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 1999; 70: 434S-438S, Convergence of philosophy and science: the Third International Congress on Vegetarian Nutrition.

[15] Walter Willett, Journal of Internal Medicine 2001; 249: 395-411, Diet and breast cancer.

[16] Hunter et al. The New England Journal of Medicine 1996; 334: 356-361, Cohort studies of fat intake and the risk of breast cancer - a pooled analysis.

[17] Key et al. The Breast, 2001; 10(Supplement 3): 9-13, Nutrition and breast cancer.

[18] Walter Willett, Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers and prevention 2001; 10: 3-8, Diet and Cancer: One View at the Start of the Millennium.

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